China

Updated: December 2024


Key Insights
  • China: The biggest economy, approximately 33% larger than the USA
    China is the biggest economy in the world, estimated to be some 33% larger than the GDP of the USA in 2023, when calculated using Purchasing Power Parity data from the World Bank (with growth estimates from the IMF), and including estimates of the undervaluation of GDP due to an outdated base year, plus estimates of China's significant informal economy.

  • China growth v US growth
    Over the past decade China has contributed 30.9% to global growth, compared with the USA's contribution of 9.0%. Compound Annual Growth over the last 3 years has been 6.3%, almost double the USA rate of 3.7%. Few predict China's growth differential in relation to the USA will disappear in the near future.

  • Some reasons why China's GDP is likely to continue growing faster in the medium term than that of the USA
    China's GDP growth record is extraordinary; its education system is extraordinary (it graduates 1.4m engineers a year and over 20% of the world's bachelor degrees); it is far ahead of all countries in patent applications; it has a vast and highly skilled workforce focussed on the most tech intensive industries; and suggestions that China will get old before it gets rich due to the ending of its "demographic dividend" have been debunked by a recent paper pointing out that demographic changes have not been a critical driver of increases in GDP per Capita. There is more, not least that Asia as a whole is by far the biggest and fastest growing part of the world economy.

  • China's GDP per capita is likely to keep growing
    South Korea, and Taiwan have achieved GDP per head of around 80% of the US level, starting from very close to poverty. If China can raise GDP per head to just 50%+ of US levels (hardly an impossible task given its record over the last 40 years), it will have a GDP twice that of the US. If China's GDP per capita gets anywhere near those achieved in South Korea, its economy will approach three times the size of the US.

  • What might alter this perspective
    Any number of factors might derail China's growth, even in the short term, including war over Taiwan, mismanagement of the Chinese economy linked to its poor Governance rating, and further attempts by America to reduce trading links with China. A rapid decline in fertility rates will impact China’s future demographics. Recent studies have shown that sperm counts are declining worldwide, and this seems a fundamental factor in this fall in rates. China’s fertility levels are currently at 1%, which is half the necessary replacement rate. This means that each coming generation will be approximately half as large as the one before it. Long-term, one projection sees China’s population decline by a staggering 48% by the end of this century. But seismic events aside, given the giant size of its home market, (not to mention its role as workshop to the world), its attractiveness to companies like Apple, LMVH, and Volkswagen (all very dependent on Chinese markets) is unlikely to disappear in the near future.

  • NOTE: Chinese GDP data quality is rated C grade by World Economics, and so is usable with caution. Population data is rated A grade.
    Chinese GDP and Population data are usable as guides to Chinese economic activity and per capita activity, respectively. The main current problems are that data showing unfavourable movements in economic activity has from time to time been suppressed or published later than expected, and some data is out of date or understated.


 
 
ENVIRONMENT

The World Economics Environment Index combines carbon and methane emissions, with data on air quality, access to safe water and average temperature. The variables are combined into an Index using equal weights.

Environmental Index
Index: 0 = Extremely poor, 100 = Good as it gets.
Ranked by Environmental Index
Filter:
All
Country Rank
Order
Environment
Index
0-100
Carbon
Emissions
Index, 0-100
Methane
Emissions
Index, 0-100
Air
Quality
Index, 0-100
Water
Access
Index, 0-100
Temperature
2021
Index, 0-100



Canada 1 96.9 95.2 91.7 98.4 99.0 100.0
Iceland 2 96.3 100.0 100.0 99.5 100.0 81.9
Finland 3 96.2 99.7 99.6 100.0 99.6 82.2
Norway 4 95.9 99.6 99.6 98.6 98.7 82.9
Sweden 5 95.6 99.7 99.6 99.2 99.7 80.0
Estonia 6 93.7 99.9 99.9 98.5 99.6 70.4
Switzerland 7 92.0 99.7 99.6 94.0 96.5 70.0
Austria 8 90.9 99.4 99.4 89.7 98.8 67.2
Denmark 9 90.9 99.7 99.4 92.9 99.9 62.5
Latvia 10 90.9 99.9 99.8 88.8 96.9 68.8
Lithuania 11 90.7 99.9 99.8 91.6 94.7 67.4
Luxembourg 12 90.7 99.9 100.0 94.2 99.5 59.9
Ireland 13 89.8 99.7 98.8 95.3 95.7 59.5
New Zealand 14 89.5 99.7 97.5 94.6 100.0 55.7
United Kingdom 15 89.4 97.0 95.8 93.1 99.8 61.2
Belgium 16 89.3 99.2 99.3 90.1 99.7 57.9
Netherlands 17 89.3 98.8 98.8 91.0 100.0 58.2
Taiwan 18 89.1 97.5 100.0 69.7 0.0 0.0
Czechia 19 88.9 99.2 99.0 84.9 97.7 63.8
Slovak Republic 20 88.7 99.7 99.6 82.2 99.1 63.0
Slovenia 21 88.6 99.9 99.9 85.3 98.2 59.6
Germany 22 88.4 94.1 96.1 91.0 99.9 60.9
Belarus 23 88.2 99.5 98.6 82.9 92.6 67.3
France 24 87.7 97.3 95.3 91.5 99.7 54.7
Hungary 25 87.7 99.6 99.4 85.0 100.0 54.7
Spain 26 86.9 98.0 96.8 93.4 99.5 46.7
Portugal 27 86.3 99.6 99.1 96.8 94.8 41.3
Chile 28 86.2 99.3 99.0 74.4 98.7 59.7
Japan 29 86.1 90.7 97.9 90.8 98.6 52.3
Ukraine 30 86.0 98.2 97.4 86.3 86.8 61.2
Uruguay 31 85.6 99.9 98.3 94.9 99.5 35.4
Bulgaria 32 85.5 99.6 99.4 79.8 95.4 53.5
Greece 33 85.4 99.5 99.3 84.4 98.8 44.8
Romania 34 84.8 99.3 98.7 86.6 80.9 58.3
Poland 35 84.6 97.1 97.6 77.2 88.2 63.0
Croatia 36 84.1 99.8 99.7 83.2 0.0 53.6
Italy 37 83.9 97.1 96.3 85.1 92.2 49.0
Moldova 38 83.6 100.0 99.6 88.2 73.6 56.6
North Macedonia 39 83.5 99.9 99.8 0.0 79.2 55.1
Malta 40 83.2 100.0 100.0 87.3 99.8 28.9
Cyprus 41 82.9 99.9 99.9 84.6 99.7 30.2
Korea, Rep. 42 82.1 94.6 98.2 68.3 99.2 50.3
Kazakhstan 43 82.0 97.6 94.2 64.1 88.7 65.6
Mauritius 44 82.0 100.0 99.8 91.5 99.9 18.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina 45 81.5 99.9 99.7 64.6 86.1 57.4
Türkiye 46 80.9 96.1 95.8 64.1 96.8 51.5
Botswana 47 80.7 99.9 99.7 87.5 91.7 24.5
Australia 48 80.6 96.6 88.7 94.1 100.0 23.6
Georgia 49 80.5 99.9 99.6 76.8 67.1 59.2
Israel 50 80.3 99.5 99.2 76.1 99.4 27.1
Namibia 51 80.3 100.0 99.6 89.2 83.2 29.3
Russia 52 80.3 84.7 48.3 94.2 74.7 99.8
Albania 53 80.2 100.0 99.8 81.6 68.8 50.7
Kyrgyzstan 54 79.8 99.9 99.6 45.2 75.0 79.1
Serbia 55 79.7 99.7 98.8 72.2 73.4 54.4
Guyana 56 79.4 100.0 99.9 90.4 95.3 11.4
Panama 57 79.1 99.9 99.6 89.2 94.0 13.0
Armenia 58 79.0 99.9 99.8 51.1 81.3 62.8
South Africa 59 78.9 96.2 94.0 75.6 93.5 35.4
Bhutan 60 78.7 100.0 100.0 64.8 71.6 57.0
Singapore 61 78.5 99.7 99.6 86.6 100.0 6.7
Morocco 62 78.4 99.4 99.0 86.4 73.2 34.2
Tunisia 63 77.9 99.7 99.5 91.8 72.6 25.7
Jamaica 64 77.4 99.9 99.9 84.0 90.4 12.5
Turkmenistan 65 76.9 99.3 89.6 64.3 94.5 36.7
Bolivia 66 76.7 99.8 97.4 66.3 93.0 27.3
Angola 67 76.4 99.8 96.7 63.0 98.1 24.5
Azerbaijan 68 76.4 99.7 98.7 67.3 69.8 46.6
El Salvador 69 76.4 99.9 99.7 71.5 97.8 13.2
Eswatini 70 76.1 100.0 99.9 83.6 68.8 28.1
Comoros 71 76.0 100.0 100.0 84.8 0.0 19.3
Costa Rica 72 75.6 99.9 99.6 84.3 79.2 15.0
Jordan 73 75.6 99.8 99.5 65.2 84.8 28.6
Libya 74 75.3 99.4 98.0 58.4 99.9 20.6
Argentina 75 74.8 98.4 89.1 88.8 54.4 43.3
Haiti 76 74.3 100.0 99.6 92.8 64.5 14.7
Malaysia 77 74.3 97.8 96.9 72.6 93.5 10.5
Zimbabwe 78 74.1 99.9 99.0 87.0 60.2 24.1
Ecuador 79 73.8 99.6 97.7 81.1 64.9 25.6
Thailand 80 73.5 97.6 93.5 67.3 100.0 9.2
Colombia 81 73.1 99.2 93.6 85.4 72.1 14.9
Paraguay 82 73.1 99.9 97.5 88.3 61.9 17.8
Zambia 83 73.0 99.9 97.8 80.5 63.2 23.4
Gabon 84 72.2 100.0 99.4 64.5 84.4 12.9
Kenya 85 71.6 99.8 96.8 88.0 59.1 14.2
Uzbekistan 86 71.5 98.9 95.6 39.4 78.5 45.2
Mozambique 87 71.3 99.9 97.9 81.3 61.0 16.3
Lesotho 88 71.1 100.0 99.9 79.3 23.5 52.6
Mongolia 89 71.0 99.6 98.5 38.9 35.3 82.9
Honduras 90 70.8 99.9 99.3 77.0 62.9 14.7
Dominican Republic 91 70.5 99.7 99.2 96.4 41.3 15.7
Lebanon 92 70.5 99.8 99.7 68.0 44.3 40.9
Suriname 93 70.3 100.0 99.9 88.6 52.9 10.2
Papua New Guinea 94 70.1 99.9 99.1 94.2 41.8 15.7
Burundi 95 69.9 100.0 99.9 61.6 59.7 28.1
Algeria 96 69.7 98.5 92.8 70.6 68.7 18.0
Brazil 97 69.6 95.7 61.9 90.7 86.4 13.1
United States 98 69.6 56.4 38.0 97.1 97.3 59.3
Guinea 99 69.0 100.0 98.6 45.2 90.9 10.1
Nicaragua 100 69.0 100.0 99.2 82.0 52.6 11.3
Tajikistan 101 69.0 99.9 99.5 17.8 52.4 75.6
Guatemala 102 68.8 99.8 99.0 73.9 53.4 17.6
Oman 103 68.7 99.3 98.3 49.8 90.3 5.7
Rwanda 104 67.6 100.0 99.8 48.5 57.8 32.0
Peru 105 67.2 99.5 97.4 59.7 48.9 30.3
United Arab Emirates 106 66.9 98.2 95.3 38.1 100.0 2.8
Liberia 107 66.8 100.0 100.0 48.3 73.6 12.3
Vietnam 108 66.8 97.2 93.4 73.7 55.0 14.8
Sudan 109 66.2 99.8 95.3 72.8 57.9 5.5
Myanmar 110 65.6 99.7 93.3 63.0 54.6 17.6
Mexico 111 65.4 96.5 88.0 78.9 39.3 24.2
Mali 112 64.7 100.0 98.0 43.6 81.4 0.7
Benin 113 64.4 99.9 99.7 55.6 63.2 3.9
Bahrain 114 64.1 99.7 98.5 20.9 98.8 2.6
Philippines 115 63.8 98.7 94.5 71.0 44.5 10.1
Sri Lanka 116 63.8 99.8 99.3 68.6 43.7 7.7
Madagascar 117 63.7 100.0 98.4 82.0 17.2 21.2
Congo, Rep. 118 63.0 99.9 99.1 59.0 42.6 14.2
Malawi 119 62.2 100.0 99.6 77.6 12.4 21.4
Cambodia 120 61.9 99.8 98.4 79.0 24.5 7.6
Egypt 121 61.8 97.8 94.6 1.6 96.8 18.2
Mauritania 122 61.8 100.0 99.4 37.7 69.8 2.1
Yemen, Rep. 123 61.7 99.9 99.1 38.3 58.1 13.0
Saudi Arabia 124 61.4 94.1 91.4 11.8 100.0 9.5
Tanzania 125 61.0 99.9 95.8 83.1 5.5 20.8
Kuwait 126 60.7 99.1 98.1 0.0 100.0 6.3
Qatar 127 60.7 99.2 97.4 8.6 96.4 1.7
Nepal 128 60.4 99.9 98.0 47.2 10.6 46.5
Laos 129 60.3 99.8 99.2 73.2 12.5 16.9
Bangladesh 130 58.4 99.2 92.6 30.9 56.4 12.8
Ethiopia 131 58.3 99.8 91.9 72.1 7.6 19.8
Gambia 132 58.0 100.0 99.9 42.6 44.3 3.0
Cameroon 133 57.8 99.9 98.4 13.2 63.5 14.2
Cote d'Ivoire 134 57.5 99.9 99.3 40.4 40.2 7.8
Uganda 135 57.5 100.0 98.2 55.9 13.4 20.1
Togo 136 57.2 100.0 99.7 66.4 14.2 5.8
Burkina Faso 137 56.4 100.0 98.7 39.8 43.8 0.0
Indonesia 138 56.0 94.6 71.5 76.3 25.7 11.9
Pakistan 139 55.9 98.0 85.7 23.8 47.4 24.7
Ghana 140 55.1 99.8 99.0 30.8 40.8 5.1
Central African Republic 141 54.8 100.0 98.3 62.9 0.0 12.5
Afghanistan 142 54.7 99.9 98.6 2.7 25.5 46.6
Congo, Dem. Rep 143 54.7 100.0 95.7 55.5 5.8 16.5
Guinea-Bissau 144 54.5 100.0 99.9 49.9 18.9 3.7
Niger 145 54.1 100.0 97.6 23.8 43.4 5.7
Senegal 146 53.2 99.9 99.0 44.1 21.9 1.1
Sierra Leone 147 50.9 100.0 99.7 42.1 4.4 8.4
India 148 49.3 76.4 41.4 23.7 89.9 14.9
Chad 149 48.2 100.0 94.9 39.1 0.1 6.8
Nigeria 150 46.3 98.8 87.1 14.4 24.4 6.9
China 151 40.6 0.0 0.0 44.2 93.9 64.7

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Data Notes
Emissions Index numbers shown on a scale of 0-100.
0 = Bad, 100 = Good.

Environmental Index Methodology: Total Carbon, Total Methane, Air Quality, access to safe drinking water and temperature data for each country has been indexed on a scale of 0-100 by using the standard deviation from the mean for each country. The implied Indexes are averaged to calculate a total Environmental Index which focuses on each country's relative environmental impact.

Temperature Data Source: CCKP. World Bank Group, Climate Change Knowledge Portal and indexed. An index of 0 incdicates cool temperatures where 100 indicates a hot annual average temperature.

The displayed data are derived from 2021 Temperature, Carbon and Methane Data. Air Quality and Access to Safe Water is the latest data available.
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SOCIAL

The World Economics social Index uses United Nations HID and World Bank data to create indexes for life expectancy, median age, years of schooling, spend on education and the percentage of the population in work, to reflect social progress. The individual Indexes are combined into the overall Social Index using equal weights.

Social Factors Index
Index: 0 = Extremely poor, 100 = Good as it gets.
Ranked by Social Factors Index
Filter:
All
Country Rank
Order
Social
Factors
Index
Social
Factors
Rating (A-E)
Life
Expectancy
Years
Median
Age
Years
Mean Years
Schooling
Years
Spend on
Education
% of GDP
Population
in Work
Population %




Japan 1 97.3 A 84.8 48.4 13.4 3.4% 60.2%
Canada 2 96.5 A 82.7 40.2 13.8 5.2% 60.3%
Iceland 3 96.3 A 82.7 35.9 13.8 7.7% 62.5%
Australia 4 95.2 A 84.5 37.0 12.7 6.1% 62.4%
Germany 5 95.1 A 80.6 44.9 14.1 4.7% 59.2%
Hong Kong 6 94.8 A 85.5 44.9 12.2 4.0% 55.9%
Israel 7 94.7 A 82.3 29.0 13.3 7.1% 59.1%
Norway 8 94.7 A 83.2 39.3 13.0 5.9% 62.9%
Switzerland 9 94.4 A 84.0 41.8 12.6 5.2% 63.6%
Luxembourg 10 94.1 A 82.6 38.7 13.0 5.0% 58.8%
Korea, Rep. 11 93.8 A 83.7 43.4 12.5 4.7% 60.7%
New Zealand 12 93.8 A 82.5 36.5 12.9 6.0% 67.2%
United Kingdom 13 93.2 A 80.7 39.6 13.4 5.5% 59.7%
Finland 14 93.1 A 82.0 42.4 12.9 5.9% 55.6%
Malta 15 93.0 A 83.8 39.0 12.2 5.9% 60.1%
Portugal 16 92.9 A 81.0 45.0 13.2 5.0% 54.0%
Denmark 17 92.7 A 81.4 41.3 13.0 6.4% 59.2%
Netherlands 18 92.0 A 81.7 41.7 12.6 5.3% 64.2%
Slovenia 19 91.9 A 80.7 43.2 12.9 5.8% 55.4%
Belgium 20 91.6 A 81.9 40.9 12.4 6.7% 50.8%
Cyprus 21 91.1 A 81.2 37.6 12.4 6.1% 58.8%
Austria 22 91.0 A 81.6 42.8 12.3 5.1% 57.0%
United States 23 90.5 A 77.2 37.7 13.7 6.1% 57.4%
France 24 90.1 A 82.5 41.6 11.6 5.5% 51.1%
Estonia 25 90.0 A 77.1 41.5 13.5 6.6% 59.4%
Spain 26 89.9 A 83.0 43.9 11.4 4.6% 49.0%
Ireland 27 89.5 A 82.0 37.6 11.6 3.1% 58.3%
United Arab Emirates 28 89.2 A 78.7 32.8 12.7 3.9% 73.9%
Czechia 29 88.7 A 77.7 42.6 12.9 5.1% 58.0%
Italy 30 88.0 A 82.9 46.8 10.7 4.3% 43.7%
Greece 31 87.1 A 80.1 44.7 11.4 4.4% 43.0%
Croatia 32 86.7 B 77.6 43.7 12.2 5.5% 47.5%
Lithuania 33 86.4 B 73.7 43.7 13.5 4.0% 57.2%
Latvia 34 85.6 B 73.6 43.6 13.3 6.0% 55.5%
Sweden 35 85.5 B 83.0 39.5 9.8 7.2% 59.2%
Bahrain 36 84.8 B 78.8 32.7 11.0 2.2% 69.0%
Chile 37 84.5 B 78.9 34.9 10.9 5.6% 49.6%
Hungary 38 83.8 B 74.5 42.7 12.2 4.8% 56.7%
Slovak Republic 39 83.3 B 74.9 40.6 11.9 4.6% 56.3%
Albania 40 83.1 B 76.5 37.3 11.3 3.1% 51.6%
Bahamas, The 41 81.9 B 71.6 32.4 12.6 2.8% 59.4%
Belarus 42 81.3 B 72.4 40.2 12.1 4.7% 60.7%
Qatar 43 81.2 B 79.3 33.0 9.6 3.2% 87.1%
Argentina 44 80.9 B 75.4 31.3 11.1 5.0% 53.8%
Georgia 45 80.8 B 71.7 36.4 12.8 3.6% 52.6%
Sri Lanka 46 80.7 B 76.4 32.5 10.6 1.9% 46.0%
Oman 47 80.1 B 72.5 28.8 11.7 5.4% 66.1%
Bosnia and Herzegovina 48 79.8 B 75.3 41.8 10.5 0.0% 35.6%
Malaysia 49 79.7 B 74.9 29.9 10.6 3.9% 61.7%
Uzbekistan 50 79.1 B 70.9 26.6 11.9 4.9% 53.6%
Panama 51 79.0 B 76.2 28.8 9.9 3.9% 54.0%
Kazakhstan 52 78.9 B 69.4 29.5 12.3 4.4% 65.7%
Bulgaria 53 78.7 B 71.8 44.5 11.4 4.0% 52.6%
Armenia 54 78.5 B 72.0 34.4 11.3 2.8% 41.1%
Jordan 55 78.5 B 74.3 23.4 10.4 3.2% 30.8%
Thailand 56 78.1 B 78.7 39.3 8.7 3.1% 65.8%
Mauritius 57 77.8 B 73.6 36.8 10.4 4.9% 52.4%
Ukraine 58 77.7 B 71.6 40.8 11.1 5.4% 50.2%
Romania 59 77.2 B 74.2 41.9 10.0 3.7% 49.5%
Moldova 60 76.8 B 68.8 36.1 11.8 6.4% 37.1%
Poland 61 76.7 B 76.5 40.9 9.0 5.2% 55.1%
Tajikistan 62 76.5 C 71.6 21.5 11.3 5.9% 37.2%
Kyrgyzstan 63 76.3 C 70.0 23.7 11.4 6.2% 51.4%
North Macedonia 64 76.0 C 73.8 38.3 10.2 0.0% 44.3%
Russia 65 75.9 C 69.4 38.8 11.3 3.7% 58.3%
Costa Rica 66 75.8 C 77.0 32.9 8.8 6.7% 48.6%
Turkmenistan 67 75.8 C 69.3 25.8 11.3 3.1% 43.5%
Uruguay 68 75.6 C 75.4 35.2 9.0 4.6% 55.2%
Türkiye 69 75.2 C 76.0 30.9 8.6 3.4% 43.5%
China 70 74.5 C 78.2 37.9 7.6 3.6% 64.8%
Lebanon 71 74.4 C 75.0 28.3 8.7 1.7% 36.3%
Kuwait 72 74.3 C 78.7 38.3 7.3 6.6% 67.9%
Algeria 73 73.9 C 76.4 27.8 8.1 7.0% 35.1%
Azerbaijan 74 73.9 C 69.4 31.4 10.5 4.3% 59.6%
Dominican Republic 75 73.3 C 72.6 27.1 9.3 4.6% 57.0%
Mongolia 76 72.2 C 71.0 26.8 9.4 4.7% 54.7%
Vietnam 77 71.3 C 73.6 32.0 8.4 4.1% 72.8%
Jamaica 78 71.1 C 70.5 30.8 9.2 6.0% 57.2%
Philippines 79 70.8 C 69.3 24.5 9.9 3.7% 54.7%
Singapore 80 70.8 C 82.8 41.8 4.6 2.8% 66.1%
Ecuador 81 70.7 C 73.7 27.6 8.8 3.7% 60.7%
Senegal 82 70.5 C 67.1 17.8 11.3 5.5% 42.9%
Egypt 83 70.4 C 70.2 23.9 9.6 2.5% 37.4%
Peru 84 70.4 C 72.4 28.2 8.9 4.0% 70.3%
Brazil 85 69.9 C 72.8 32.8 8.1 6.0% 50.0%
Mexico 86 69.7 C 70.2 29.0 9.2 4.3% 56.4%
Tunisia 87 69.6 C 73.8 31.7 7.4 7.3% 38.2%
Colombia 88 68.3 C 72.8 30.8 8.9 4.9% 55.4%
Libya 89 68.2 C 71.9 26.3 7.6 0.0% 38.3%
Nicaragua 90 67.4 C 73.8 24.5 7.1 4.6% 59.7%
Gabon 91 65.7 C 65.8 21.6 9.4 3.2% 37.5%
Indonesia 92 65.6 D 67.6 29.4 8.6 3.5% 64.7%
Sudan 93 65.4 D 65.3 18.4 10.8 0.0% 38.5%
El Salvador 94 65.2 D 70.7 26.3 7.2 4.1% 53.3%
Morocco 95 65.2 D 74.0 28.7 5.9 6.8% 38.6%
South Africa 96 65.1 D 62.3 27.1 12.8 6.6% 35.1%
Guyana 97 64.8 D 65.7 25.5 8.6 4.5% 43.6%
Saudi Arabia 98 64.4 D 76.9 29.8 4.4 7.8% 56.1%
Bolivia 99 64.2 D 63.6 23.9 9.8 9.8% 69.5%
Bangladesh 100 62.0 D 72.4 26.3 7.4 2.1% 54.0%
Bhutan 101 60.7 D 71.8 28.2 5.2 7.0% 57.5%
Cambodia 102 58.9 D 69.6 26.5 5.1 3.1% 79.2%
Botswana 103 58.8 D 61.1 23.5 10.3 8.7% 45.5%
Honduras 104 58.7 D 70.1 23.4 7.1 6.4% 55.3%
Paraguay 105 58.3 D 70.3 25.6 4.7 3.3% 66.9%
Myanmar 106 57.9 D 65.7 29.0 6.4 2.1% 53.6%
Ghana 107 56.7 D 63.8 20.4 8.3 4.0% 65.2%
Serbia 108 56.6 D 74.2 42.9 2.9 3.6% 47.8%
Guatemala 109 56.4 D 69.2 22.1 5.7 3.1% 56.1%
Suriname 110 56.1 D 70.3 27.9 3.8 5.0% 48.7%
Laos 111 53.9 D 68.1 23.8 5.4 2.3% 75.5%
Papua New Guinea 112 53.7 D 65.4 21.8 10.5 1.4% 45.9%
Rwanda 113 52.8 D 66.1 19.0 12.8 3.8% 81.0%
Pakistan 114 52.3 D 66.1 20.2 4.5 2.4% 47.9%
Nepal 115 51.5 D 68.5 23.7 5.1 4.2% 75.6%
India 116 51.3 D 67.2 27.6 6.7 4.5% 42.8%
Mauritania 117 50.6 D 64.4 17.6 4.9 1.9% 39.6%
Sierra Leone 118 48.6 D 60.1 18.8 11.4 9.1% 53.0%
Namibia 119 48.5 D 59.3 21.3 7.2 9.6% 45.6%
Gambia 120 45.7 D 62.1 16.8 4.6 2.8% 51.0%
Afghanistan 121 45.4 D 62.0 16.7 3.0 2.9% 35.9%
Comoros 122 44.5 E 63.4 20.1 5.1 2.5% 39.3%
Cote d'Ivoire 123 44.2 E 58.6 17.6 5.2 3.4% 53.6%
Haiti 124 43.3 E 63.2 23.0 5.6 1.4% 54.5%
Zimbabwe 125 41.9 E 59.3 18.1 8.7 3.9% 79.4%
Cameroon 126 41.4 E 60.3 17.5 6.2 3.2% 72.5%
Central African Republic 127 40.9 E 53.9 14.7 4.3 2.2% 66.6%
Togo 128 40.4 E 61.6 18.7 5.0 4.0% 55.1%
Yemen, Rep. 129 40.0 E 63.8 18.7 3.2 5.5% 31.8%
Kenya 130 39.3 E 61.4 19.2 6.7 4.8% 69.0%
Congo, Rep. 131 39.0 E 63.5 18.2 6.2 4.4% 51.1%
Benin 132 38.7 E 59.8 17.5 4.3 3.0% 69.8%
Tanzania 133 38.1 E 66.2 16.8 6.4 3.3% 81.1%
Uganda 134 36.4 E 62.7 15.9 5.7 2.7% 65.6%
Ethiopia 135 36.0 E 65.0 18.5 3.2 4.5% 75.6%
Eswatini 136 35.3 E 57.1 21.5 5.6 5.0% 36.8%
Guinea-Bissau 137 34.2 E 59.7 18.3 3.6 2.7% 66.0%
Mali 138 33.4 E 58.9 15.1 2.3 4.4% 63.3%
Lesotho 139 33.3 E 53.1 22.1 6.0 8.7% 47.9%
Zambia 140 31.4 E 61.2 16.9 7.2 3.7% 63.9%
Liberia 141 31.1 E 60.7 17.9 5.1 2.7% 71.7%
Nigeria 142 31.1 E 52.7 17.0 7.2 0.5% 48.5%
Angola 143 30.6 E 61.6 16.2 5.4 2.4% 69.9%
Guinea 144 30.2 E 58.9 17.7 2.2 2.2% 58.2%
Burkina Faso 145 25.9 E 59.3 16.6 2.1 5.5% 61.8%
Niger 146 25.0 E 61.6 14.5 2.1 3.8% 72.4%
Congo, Dem. Rep 147 21.1 E 59.2 15.6 7.0 2.7% 61.6%
Chad 148 20.6 E 52.5 15.0 2.6 2.9% 57.2%
Madagascar 149 20.5 E 64.5 19.0 5.1 3.1% 82.3%
Malawi 150 19.4 E 62.9 16.8 4.5 2.9% 70.3%
Mozambique 151 16.3 E 59.3 16.8 3.2 6.3% 75.1%
Burundi 152 14.7 E 61.7 15.6 3.1 5.0% 76.8%

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Data Notes
Social Factors Index numbers shown on a scale of 0-100
0 = Poor social metrics, 100 = Excellent social metrics.

Data source: United Nations Human Development Report, 2023, Washington D.C.
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GOVERNANCE

The Governance Index combines data on Rule of Law, Press Freedom, Political Rights and Corruption Perceptions. The individual Indexes are combined using equal weights to form the Governance Index

Governance Index
Index: 0 = Extremely poor, 100 = Good as it gets.
Ranked by Governance Index
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Country
Rank
Order
Governance
Index
(0-100 Index)
Governance
Rating
(A-E)
Rule of
Law
(0-100 Index)
Press
Freedom
(0-100 Index)
Political
Rights
(0-100 Index)
Corruption
Perceptions
(0-100 Index)




Denmark 1 98.8 A 98.5 96.9 100.0 100.0
Finland 2 97.3 A 100.0 92.7 100.0 95.9
Norway 3 97.0 A 94.8 100.0 100.0 91.9
Sweden 4 95.1 A 93.0 95.1 100.0 89.2
New Zealand 5 93.5 A 94.1 83.3 100.0 93.2
Netherlands 6 93.2 A 92.1 94.3 97.6 85.1
Switzerland 7 93.1 A 94.6 89.2 97.6 89.2
Luxembourg 8 91.2 A 95.0 88.9 95.2 83.8
Germany 9 90.8 A 88.8 88.9 97.6 83.8
Ireland 10 90.8 A 88.7 91.3 97.6 82.4
Canada 11 89.5 A 89.7 86.0 100.0 81.1
Estonia 12 89.0 A 86.0 92.5 95.2 81.1
Iceland 13 88.1 A 93.3 83.8 92.9 75.7
Belgium 14 87.1 A 84.0 85.7 97.6 77.0
United Kingdom 15 86.2 A 85.7 80.2 97.6 74.3
Australia 16 86.0 A 88.2 74.6 97.6 79.7
Austria 17 85.4 A 93.4 76.4 92.9 74.3
France 18 84.2 A 79.6 81.8 95.2 74.3
Portugal 19 84.0 A 77.8 91.8 97.6 60.8
Taiwan 20 82.7 A 81.6 78.4 95.2 68.9
Japan 21 82.4 A 89.5 59.1 100.0 77.0
Lithuania 22 81.6 A 76.4 86.0 95.2 60.8
Latvia 23 79.7 A 72.8 87.7 92.9 59.5
Uruguay 24 79.4 A 68.7 66.8 100.0 77.0
Czechia 25 78.5 A 77.5 83.9 90.5 55.4
United States 26 76.9 A 84.6 65.2 81.0 71.6
Spain 27 76.8 A 69.6 78.2 92.9 59.5
Slovenia 28 76.3 A 74.1 73.5 95.2 54.1
Chile 29 75.7 A 66.7 66.3 95.2 67.6
Korea, Rep. 30 73.8 A 79.0 62.9 83.3 63.5
Slovak Republic 31 73.7 A 64.9 78.2 92.9 51.4
Costa Rica 32 73.4 B 60.0 78.4 95.2 52.7
Bahamas, The 33 72.8 B 52.1 0.0 95.2 64.9
Mauritius 34 69.9 B 69.6 63.8 90.5 47.3
Italy 35 69.7 B 56.4 69.7 90.5 54.1
Cyprus 36 69.3 B 63.6 60.5 95.2 50.0
Israel 37 69.0 B 73.4 46.9 85.7 62.2
Singapore 38 69.0 B 95.3 38.6 50.0 90.5
Poland 39 68.9 B 59.9 68.8 85.7 51.4
Croatia 40 68.1 B 58.2 68.3 90.5 45.9
Malta 41 67.9 B 69.2 57.5 88.1 47.3
Namibia 42 67.0 B 59.2 75.6 78.6 44.6
Romania 43 66.5 B 59.2 67.8 88.1 40.5
Jamaica 44 65.3 B 46.7 80.0 85.7 37.8
Greece 45 65.0 B 57.1 52.3 92.9 44.6
South Africa 46 63.8 B 49.1 75.1 83.3 33.8
Botswana 47 63.7 B 60.8 55.9 71.4 58.1
Suriname 48 63.4 B 45.2 78.3 85.7 32.4
Ghana 49 62.3 B 46.6 66.8 88.1 36.5
Bhutan 50 60.1 B 66.2 25.0 73.8 70.3
Bulgaria 51 60.1 B 45.8 63.5 83.3 39.2
North Macedonia 52 59.3 B 46.0 75.1 71.4 35.1
Hungary 53 58.3 B 59.7 60.3 66.7 35.1
Moldova 54 57.5 B 41.0 76.6 69.0 35.1
Hong Kong 55 57.0 B 82.2 32.9 28.6 79.7
Argentina 56 56.7 B 35.9 60.5 88.1 28.4
Armenia 57 56.7 B 44.1 72.1 59.5 41.9
Dominican Republic 58 56.5 B 46.2 75.3 69.0 25.7
Panama 59 55.4 B 39.1 54.2 88.1 25.7
Georgia 60 54.8 B 53.0 46.6 57.1 50.0
Guyana 61 54.3 C 40.3 56.3 76.2 32.4
Brazil 62 54.2 C 41.8 54.3 78.6 27.0
Malawi 63 54.2 C 42.8 62.3 73.8 24.3
Mongolia 64 53.8 C 43.7 44.3 90.5 23.0
Malaysia 65 53.3 C 63.3 45.3 52.4 45.9
Senegal 66 53.3 C 41.7 49.9 73.8 36.5
Qatar 67 53.2 C